نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری فقه و مبانی حقوق اسلامی
2 استاد، گروه فقه و مبانی حقوق اسلامی، دانشکده الهیات و معارف اسلامی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران
3 استاد، گروه فقه و مبانی حقوق اسلامی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه سمنان، سمنان، ایران
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
The right to life is one of the most fundamental human rights, receiving special emphasis in Islamic jurisprudential sources. This study, employing the method of content analysis, explores the concepts and jurisprudential evidences related to the right to life in the formation of the human physical personality. It seeks to extract the conceptual frameworks and principal foundations of this right from juristic texts. Accordingly, the research poses the question: what are the evidences that affirm the right to life as a divine trust and a fundamental pillar in the formation of human physical personality?
Using qualitative content analysis and an in-depth examination of jurisprudential texts, this study systematically analyzes data derived from Qur'anic verses including verse 29 of Surah Al-Nisa, verses 31 and 33 of Surah Al-Isra, verse 195 of Surah Al-Baqarah, and verse 12 of Surah Al-Mumtahina alongside Prophetic traditions and narrations attributed to Imam Al-Sadiq (peace be upon him). In addition, the views of jurists and jurisprudential principles such as "preservation of life" (ḥifẓ al-nafs) and "legitimate defense" (al-difāʿ al-mashrūʿ) have been considered as key analytical axes.
The findings of the content analysis reveal that the right to life, within Islamic jurisprudential sources, is presented as an inviolable principle encompassing concepts such as "life as a divine trust," "the obligation to preserve life," and "legitimate limits and exceptions." Both the principle of "preservation of life" and the principle of "legitimate defense" emphasize the absolute necessity of protecting human life. Therefore, the "right to life" is regarded as a foundational principle in the formation of human physical personality, and safeguarding it is deemed imperative. The findings of this study may provide a basis for the development of protective regulations in the fields of human rights and medical law.
کلیدواژهها [English]
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