Methods and Effects of Determining Debt in Case of Non-access to the Ruler

Document Type : Original Article

Author

Associate Professor, Faculty of Law, University of Qom, Qom, Iran

Abstract

Debt is a generic property that situated in the zemmah of the debtor. Debt has two stages: situating in the debtor’s zemmah and its exit from the debtor's zemmah and belonging to a certain property. The next stage is usually performed by determining and submitting an instance of debt to the creditor. If the creditor is willing to accept the debt and collect it, there is no problem, but sometimes the debtor tries to pay the debt and the creditor refuses to accept it. In this case, according to Article 273 of the Iranian Civil Code, the debtor is discharged by giving the instance of debt to the ruler or his deputy. The Article does not provide for the situations where the ruler is not exist. From a jurisprudential point of view, in these cases, the debtor can designate a part of his property as payment for debt. The question is in what way adebt can be determined and what effects does it have? The present article, using the analytical method and library tools, aims to explain the methods of determining the debt and to prove that designating the debt in an specific instance leads to the acquittal of the debtor's liability and that instance into the property of the creditor.

Keywords

References

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Journal of Studies in Islamic Law & Jurisprudence
Volume 16, Issue 37
December 2024
Pages 81-104

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