Iran's Criminal Policy Towards Corruption on Earth in Economic Crimes

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Doctoral student of criminal law and criminology, Islamic Azad University, Ayaullah Amoli branch

2 Assistant Professor, Department of Criminal Law and Criminology, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran (corresponding author)

3 Visiting Assistant Professor, Department of Criminal Law and Criminology, Aya Allah Amoly Branch, Islamic Azad University, Amoly, Iran

10.22075/feqh.2023.31591.3684

Abstract

With the growth and rising statistics of economic and financial corruption within the banking and administrative-governmental systems over the past decade, addressing these types of economic crimes has gained significant attention in criminal policy. Given this importance, the primary issue explored in this research is the broad concept of economic crimes, accompanied by various manifestations observed in society, such as embezzlement by government employees, bribery, corruption, smuggling of goods and currency, money laundering, hoarding, disruption of monetary and currency systems, and other instances. These crimes are characterized by their public, widespread, and organized nature, evoking the concept of corruption on earth (ifsad fil-ard) as defined in the Islamic Penal Code and Shi’a jurisprudence. The central question of this research examines the comprehensive authoritarian criminal policy adopted in legislative, judicial, and executive contexts, as well as the procedural framework governing judicial practices related to economic crimes. Accordingly, the study investigates the extent to which laws and regulations, on the one hand, and preventive or punitive measures implemented by the judiciary, along with managerial and executive actions taken by the government, on the other hand, have successfully eliminated the foundations of economic crimes in society. Furthermore, it examines the legal challenges encountered in this process and assesses whether categorizing certain economic crimes under the concept of corruption on earth possesses sufficient legal grounds and deterrent effects. The research findings, based on a descriptive-analytical method, indicate that proponents of applying the concept of corruption on earth to economic crimes justify this categorization through a comprehensive authoritarian model and emphasize its advantages. In contrast, opponents, whose arguments seem more robust, criticize this model, deeming it ineffective in addressing economic crimes.

Keywords

References

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Journal of Studies in Islamic Law & Jurisprudence
Volume 16, Issue 35
August 2024
Pages 333-380

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