Return of lost benefits; Establishment and return of diyat (Legal evacuation of crime on interests)

Document Type : Original Article

Author

Ayatollah Boroujerdi University

Abstract

Crime for profit comes in many forms; Sometimes the benefit of the member is lost forever and sometimes it returns after a while. If the benefit is lost forever, the sentence is not complicated. However, the decision on the sentence of diyat at the beginning of the crime, due to the lack of time, is the subject of controversy under the title of "establishment of diyat". Also, the decision on the ruling on diyat, assuming that the lost interest is returned to the victim after a while, is the subject of controversy, entitled "refund of diyat". The decline of benefits, over time, as well as the return of benefits, over time has different assumptions that challenge the decision to establish and return the ransom; Such as the physician's expert opinion on the return and non-return of the benefit at the very beginning of the crime, or such as how long the benefit has been lost after the crime can have an effective return on the legal decision. Adherence to the Islamic Penal Code indicates the depth of the legal vacuum of diyat in the assumption of return of benefits. The first research step in the present article is to set up a structure with coherent jurisprudential and medical assumptions to evaluate the return ransom and non-return benefits. The next step of the research, which is related to the mentioned structure, is limited to evaluating the opinions of jurisprudence and law experts regarding the establishment and return of diyat. Using descriptive-analytical method, it is proved that the ruling on establishing blood money is directly related to the doctor's expert opinion that the benefit is not returned. Also, the sentence for refunding the blood money will be limited to returning the benefit before the expiration of the term.

Keywords

References

- Ibn Saeed, Yahya Ibn Ahmad (1405 AH), Al-Jamee Lal-Shari'e, Qom: Sayyid Al-Shahada Institute (AS).
- Abu Atta, Muhammad; Shams Elahi, Atiyeh (2012), analysis of the basis and legal nature of Arash, Studies in Fiqh and Islamic Law, 5, 9-25.
- Jabai Ameli (second martyr), Zain al-Din bin Ali (1410 AH). Al-Rawza al-Bahiyyah in Sharh al-Luma'ah al-Mashqiyya, vol. 10, Qom: Al-Davari School.
- Jabai Ameli (Shahid Sani), Zain al-Din bin Ali (1413 AH), Masalak al-Afham ili Tankih Shar'e al-Islam, vol. 15, Qom: Al-Ma'arif al-Islamiyya Institute.
- Hosseini Ameli, Muhammad Javad bin Muhammad (Bita), Miftah al-Karamah fi Sharh al-Qa'aw al-Allamah, vol. 10, Beirut: Dar Ihiya al-Tarath al-Arabi.
- Halli (Allameh), Hasan bin Yusuf (1413 AH), Al-Qa`ab al-Ahkam, Vol. 3, Qom: Al-Nashar al-Islami Institute.
- Halli (Allameh), Hasan bin Yusuf (1420 AH), Tahrir al-Ahkam al-Sharia Ali Madhhab al-Imamiyah, vol. 5, Qom: Institute of Imam al-Sadiq, peace be upon him.
- Halli (researcher), Jafar bin Hasan (1408 AH), Islamic Laws in Halal and Haram Issues, Vol. 4, Qom: Ismailian.
- Khomeini (Imam), Seyyed Ruhollah (2012), Tahrir al-Wasila, Vol. 2, Tehran: Institute for Editing and Publishing the Works of Imam Khomeini (RA).
- Khoi, Seyyed Abul Qasim (1418 AH), Imam al-Khoei's Encyclopedia, Vol. 42, Qom: Imam Al-Khoei Works Revival Institute.
- Rouhani, Seyyed Sadegh (Bita), Minhaj al-Salehin, vol. 3, bija: bina.
- Sobhani Tabrizi, Jafar (1392), Ahkam al-Diyat fi al-Shari'a al-Islamiyya al-Ghara'a, Qom: Institute of Imam al-Sadiq, peace be upon him.
- Sadouq (Sheikh), Muhammad bin Ali bin Hussain bin Baboyeh Qommi (1363), Man Lay Hazara al-Faqih, vol. 4, Qom: Al-Nashar al-Islami Institute.
- Saimiri, Mufleh bin Hassan (1408 AH), Talkhis al-Khilaf and Kuhnet al-Difah, Vol. 3, Qom: Library of Ayatollah Azami Murashi Najafi (r.a.).
- Tusi (Sheikh al-Taifah), Muhammad bin Hassan (1365), Tahdeeb al-Ahkam, vol. 10, Tehran: Dar al-Katb al-Islamiyya.
- Tusi (Sheikh al-Taifah), Muhammad bin Hasan (1387), Al-Mabusut fi Fiqh al-Imamiyah, vol. 7, Tehran: Al-Maktabeh al-Mortazawih.
- Tusi (Sheikh al-Taifah), Muhammad bin Hassan (1407 AH), Al-Khalaf, Volume 5, Qom: Al-Nashar al-Islami Institute.
- Fadel Handi, Muhammad bin Hasan (1416 AH), Kashf al-Latham wa Al-Abham on Qa’aba al-Ahkam, vol. 11, Qom: Al-Nashar al-Islami Institute.
- Kalini, Muhammad bin Yaqoob (1407 AH), Kafi, vol.7, Tehran: Dar al-Kutub al-Islamiyya.
- Mousavi Sabzwari, Seyyed Abd al-Ali (1413), Mahdzb al-Ahkam fi bayan halal wa haram, vol. 29, Qom: Al-Syed Abd al-Ali al-Sabzwari.
- Najafi (Saheb Javaher), Mohammad Hasan (Bita), Jawaharlal Kalam in the Sharah of Sharia al-Islam, vol. 3, Beirut: Dar Ihiya al-Tarath al-Arabi.
Journal of Studies in Islamic Law & Jurisprudence
Volume 14, Issue 29
January 2023
Pages 173-202

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics