Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1 PhD student, Department of Private Law, Islamic Azad University, Tehran Branch
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Private Law, College of Law, Theology and Political Science, Tehran science and research branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Private Law, Faculty of Law, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
4 Assistant Professor, Law Department, Faculty of Law, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
Abstract
Unlike governmental banks funded and run by the government, non-governmental banks are a subsidiary of public limited companies, thus always experience a conflict of interest. An obvious example of these conflicts may be found in the decisions of managers transacting on behalf of companies whose family members or relatives are there, or who have a worldly enmity or lawsuit with the other party. This will in turn lead the bank manager not to be neutral in this situation. Referring to Islamic and jurisprudential principles is one of the ways to solve these conflicts. Although there is no explicit order in the holy Sharia law regarding the duties of this group of managers, given the lack of a jurisprudential equivalent, this issue may be solved to a large extent by unitizing similar laws like rejecting the judge, prohibiting testimony about enmity, managers’ duties regarding the property of the wards, the advocacy affairs and the explanation of the appropriate regulations, and with the help as well as continuous legal supervision, especially the religious supervision by the jurisprudential council of the Central Bank that is still active but its decisions are not binding and only are advised. Relying on descriptive-analytical method, the present study explains the issue and compares it with similar cases in jurisprudence.
Keywords
- The Holy Quran
- Nahj al-Balaghah, translated by Mohammad Dashti.
- Skini, Rabia,(2006), Commercial Law, Volume II, Tehran: Samat.
- Amini, Alireza, Ayati, Mohammad Reza,(2012), "Argumentative jurisprudence, translation of Tahrir al-Rawdha fi Sharh al-'Uma", translated by Mehdi Dadmarzi, Qom: Taha.
- Parhizkari, Abbas, Razzaqi, Abolfazl, (2017), Conflict of interests 1. Classification and Conceptology , Deputy of Economic Research, Research Center of the Islamic Consultative Assembly.
- Tohidi, Mehrdad, Shahi, Mohammad Sharif, Ahmadi, Mohammad Sadegh, Daei Karimzadeh, Saeed,(2020), Analysis of the Legal Dimensions of Central Bank Supervision of the Banking System in Iran, Legal Research on Private and Criminal Law, Vol. 45, 13-187.
- Taghizadeh, Khadijeh, (2012), Islamic Banking in Some Countries of the World, Review of Economic Issues and Policies, vols. 6 and 7, 47-80.
- Rezaian, Ali, (2008), Conflict Management and Negotiation, Ch III, Tehran: Samat.
- Rouhani, Ali, Bani Taba ', Mehdi, (2016), Pathology of the banking system, 7 religious supervision of the Central Bank, Deputy of Economic Research of the Islamic Consultative Assembly.
- Rouhani, Ali, Bani Taba ', Mehdi,, (2017), Consequences of the lack of sharia supervision on the Iranian banking system, political implications, Islamic Economics, Year 17, Vol. 68, 87-117.
- - Rouhani, Ali, Parhizkari, Abbas,(2017), Necessity, dimensions and status of independence of the banking supervisor in Iran, Economic Research and Policies, Vol. 25, No. 81, 33-84.
- Zidane, Abdul Karim, (1998), The Judicial System in Islamic Sharia, Beirut, Al-Risalah Institute.
- Javadi Amoli, Abdullah,(2011), Literature of Judiciary in Islam, Qom: Esra .
- Khoei, Abolghasem,(2018), Principles of completing the curriculum, translated by Mohammad Reza Shabkhiz, vol. 1, Tehran: Ava.
- Seifaliiei, Fatemeh, Morvati, Sohrab, Hosseininia, Mohammad Reza,(2020), Representation of management styles and conflict resolution strategies in the Holy Quran, Social Work, Vol. 5, No. 17, 190-151.
- Soltani, Mohammad,(2019), Banking Law, Ch 4, Tehran: Mizan.
- Sandgol, Morteza et al.,(2017), Conflict Management in Management Works Based on the Islamic Perspective, Transformation Management, Year 7, Vol. 13, 1995-115.
- Shahid Thani, Zeinat al-Din al-Jaba'i al-Ameli,(2002), Al-Rawdha al-Bahiyya fi Sharh al-Lama'ah al-Damashqiyyah, translated by Asada ... Lotfi, Vol. I, Tehran: Majd.
- Salehi Malistani, Hussein,(2017), The Holy Prophet (PBUH) and the dignity of judgment from the perspective of Imam Khomeini, Imam Khomeini Portal.
- Saduq, Mohammad Ibn Ali.(1997), Al-Amali, Tehran: Ketabchi.
- Safari, Esfandiar,(2012), Jurisprudential-legal study of non-property management (Article 306 BC), I, Mashhad: Astan Quds Razavi.
- Erfani, Mahmoud,(2013), Comparative Banking Law, I, Tehran: Jangal.
- Azizi, Aria,(2019), The role of bank managers in preventing economic corruption in the Islamic banking system, Scientific Conference on Islamic Jurisprudence and Law.
- Farmahini Farahani, Mohsen, Mirza Mohammadi, Mohammad Hassan, and Amirsalari Ali,(2009), Study of Ethical Education from the Perspective of Imam Sadegh (AS) (Principles, Principles, Educational Methods), Daneshvar Behavior / Education and Society / Shahed University, Volume 16, Volume 16, 29, pp. 65-79.
- Mohaghegh Damad, Mostafa, Darvishzadeh, Mohammad,(2021), Let's take law seriously (vacancy in the conflict of interest management law in the thirteenth presidential election), Legal Encyclopedias, Volume 4, Issue 10, 130-157.
- Makarem Shirazi, Naser,(1995), Sample Interpretation, Tehran: Islamic Library.
- Montazeri, Hossein Ali,(2000), Jurisprudential Principles of Islamic Government, Tehran: Sarai.
- - Mousavian, Abbas, Nazarpour, Mohammad Taghi, Kafshgar Jalodarzadeh, Hossein,(2010), The role of the specialized jurisprudential council in promoting the level of legitimacy and efficiency of Islamic banks (study of the experience of several Islamic countries), Islamic Economics, Year 9, Vol. 36, 59-88.
- Mousavi Bojnourdi, Mohammad, Rouhani, Somayeh,(2012), Characteristics of Judicial Justice from the Perspective of Amir al-Mo'menin Ali (AS) with an Approach to the Views of Imam Khomeini, Matin, 54, p. 19.
- Mousavi Al-Khomeini, Ruhollah,(2012), Tahrir Al-Wasila, Translator: Mohammad Baqir Mousavi Hamedani, Volume 4, Number 4, Qom: Dar Al-Alam.
- Mirko, Hamidreza, Behniafar, Ahmadreza, Zolfaghari, Mehdi,(2020), Analysis of the ruling on dealing with oneself in the institution of representation, Studies in Islamic Jurisprudence and Law, Vol. 12, No. 23, pp. 389-414.
- Milanifar et al., (2011), Legal Assessment of Conflict of Interest in the Iranian Health System, Ethics and Medical History, Volume 5, Issue 1.
- Najafi, Mohammad Hassan Ibn Baqir,(1983), The Jewel of Theology in Islamic Law, vol. 40, Lebanon, Beirut: Dar Al-Ihya Al-Tharat Al-Arabi.
- Najafian, Mehdi, Alavi, Hamid Reza,(2010), Conflict Management in the Practical Life of Imam Ali (as) from the Perspective of Nahj al-Balagheh, Islamic Studies in Behavioral Sciences, First Year, Vol. 2, 45-70.
- Nili, Farhad, Sepahvand, Mehrdad, (2013), Supervision of Banks: Ambiguity in Concept, Doubt in Practice, Economic News, Year 8, Vol. 139, 130-132.
)