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The position of the intention of the act in civil liability

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Assistant Professor, Law Department, Seminary and University Research Institute, Qom, Iran

2 Master of Private Law

Abstract

when a one has caused damage, (he or she) has a civil liability. According to the rule of wasting, which is manifested in Art 328 of the Civil Code, the creator of loss must have the intention of a definitive act Whether he has intended the result or not. The main question is whether a one who does not intend to act, such as an infant or a sleepy person, or a person who has vibration of hands vibration has caused financial or physical damages without any intention, is also a guarantor or not?
This article rejects the theory of attribution of losses to the creator of losses. And separates the relation of customary causality from philosophical causation. And by demonstration the impossibility of attribution the damage to the person who does not intend to act - whether in financial or physical losses - he will be exempt from civil liability. But the guarantee, which is a positive rule, according to narrations such as "the blood of the Muslim does not waste", if there is a cause,  the cause is responsible  and if there is no cause, on the base of distributive justice and social participation the treasury has responsibility .
 

Keywords

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Journal of Studies in Islamic Law & Jurisprudence
Volume 13, Issue 24
August 2021
Pages 517-554
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