Jurisprudence and Legal Investigation of Financial Corruption in the Context of Iran's Legislative Criminal Policy

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Ph.D student of Criminal Law and Criminology, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

2 Professor of Law, Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran Branch, Iran

3 Associate Professor, Faculty of Law, Azad University, Central Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Financial corruption has a complex nature and today it has become an acute problem at the national and international levels, which, in the absence of control, in addition to its political, economic, social and security implications, can challenge the legitimacy and even survival of governments. it In order to solve this pervasive problem, in the first step it is necessary to identify all the dimensions and characteristics of corruption and then, its underlying causes should be jurisprudentially and legally accurately identified and using the experiences of other countries, international documents, and based on the national and transnational capacities, one have to identified ways to combat this problem. In this research, using analytical-descriptive method, it has been proved that the existing criminal policy in the country does not meet the needs of the society and the economic, administrative and judicial system in the field of prevention and fight against financial corruption and the is a requirement to review, modify and enhance action and reaction policies.

Keywords


- The Holy Quran.
- Nahj al-Balaghah.
- Ashouri, Dariush (2007), Political Encyclopedia, C 1, Tehran: Morvarid Publication.
- Aghazadeh, Alireza (2005), Analytical and Practical Analysis of Iran's Criminal Policy Regarding the Smuggling of Goods, C 1, Tehran: Arian Publication.
- Ansel, Mark (1996), Social Defense, translation by Mohammad Ashuri and Ali Hossein Najafi Abrandabadi, J 1, Tehran: Tehran University Press and Publishing Institute.
- Esfandiari, Morteza (2011), Economic Analysis of the Formation of Financial Corruption in Iran, Master's Thesis, Economic Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran Central.
- Ansari (Sheikh), Mortaza Ibn Mohammadamin (1415 AH), Al-Makaseb, Q1, Qom: World Congress on the commemoration of Sheikh Azam Ansari.
- Anvari, Hasan (2002), Farhang Bozorg Sokhaan, 5th, Tehran: Sokhan Publication.
- Beheshti, Mohammad (1376), Farhang Saba, Tehran: Saba Publication.
- Parsons, Wine (2006), Principles of Policy and Policy Analysis, Translating Hamid Reza Malek Mohammadi, J 2, Tehran: Strategic Studies Research Center.
- Habibzadeh, Mohammad Jafar (2004), Exclusive criminal law, C 1, Tehran: Samt Publication.
- Habibzadeh, Mohammad Jafar; Zeinali, Amir Hamzeh (2005), "Income on Limitations of Crime", Mofid Letters, 49, 3-26.
- Horr Ameli, Muhammad Ibn Hassan (1409 AH), Vasael al-Shi'a Ela Tahsil Masael al-Sharia, 27 A, Qom: Al-Al-Bait (AS).
- Hosseini, Seyyed Mohammad (2004), Criminal Policy of Islam in the Islamic Republic of Iran, J 1, Tehran: Tehran University Press and Publishing Institute.
- Helli (Allameh), Hassan Ibn Yusuf Ibn Mutahar (1420 AH), Tahrir al-Ahkam al-Shareiya, Q5, Qom: Imam Sadiq (AS) institute.
- Helli (Mohaghehg), Ja'far Ibn Hasan (1408 AH), Sharaye al-Islam Fi Masael al-Halal Va al-Harama, Q 4, Q 2, Qom: Esmaelyan Publication.
- Khoie, Seyyed Abolqasem (1418 AH), al-Tanghih Fi Sharh al-Orvah al-Vosgha, Qom: Under the guidance of Mr. Lotfi.
- Office of Economic Studies (2007), Analysis of Financial, Economic, and Commercial Corruption, Tehran: Deputy Economic Planning and Economic Affairs.
- Office of Co-operation in the field and university (2007), Income on Islamic law, C 1, Tehran: Samt Publication.
- Zaker Salahi, Gholamreza (2009), Anti-Corruption Strategies, Tehran: Gangal Publication.
- Saket, Mohammad Hussein (1370), A Historical Approach to the Philosophy of Law, Tehran: Moaser Publication.
- Saki, Mohammad Reza (1391), Economic Criminal Law, Q 2, Tehran: Gangal Publication.
- Sheikholeslami, Abbas (1380), Press Offenses, C 1, Mashhad: Academic Jihad.
- Sadeghi, Hossein, Sabagh Kermani, Majid Shaghaghi Shahri, Vahid (2008), "The Effect of Decentralization on Corruption Control", Economic Research, 4, 207-236.
- AaliPour, Hassan (2009), "Corruption: Legal Situation, Regulatory Necessity", Majles and Pajuhesh, 61, 173-220.
- Farhadipour, Mohammad Reza (2007), "Different Approaches of Economists to the Problem of Corruption", Majles and Pajuhesh, 58, 93-114.
- Feiz Kashani, Mulla Mohsen (No Date), Mafatih al-Sharaye, Q2, Qom: The Grand Ayatollah Marashi Library of Najafi (RA)..
- Gholipour, Rahmatullah; Gholampour Ahangar, Ibrahim (2010), Public Policy Process in Iran, Tehran: Islamic Consultative Research Center.
- Craig, Wesley; Woof, William (2007), Legislation Against Corruption in International Markets, Translation by Ali Bakhtiari Zadeh, Tehran: Strategic Studies Research Center.
- Lazarje, Christine (1395), Criminal Policy, Translation of Hossein Ali Najafi Abrandabadi, 1, Tehran: Yalda Publication.
- Langest, Peter and others (2008), Global Anti-Corruption Programs, Tehran: Research Center of the Islamic Consultative Assembly.
- Marty, Meyer Dilmase (1395), Major criminal policy systems, Translation of Hossein Ali Najafi Abrandabadi, Tehran: Mizan Publication.
- Majlesi (Allameh), Muhammad Bagher Ibn Mohammad Taghi (1404 BC), Biar al-Anvar al-Jameah Le Dorar Akhbar al-Aemah al-Athar , Beirut: Dar Ehya al-Toras al-Arabi.
- Moazami, Shahla (2005), Organized Crime and Coping Strategies, Tehran: Amirkabir Publication.
- Moin, Mohammad (2000), Farhang Loghat, C 2, C 16, Tehran: AmirKabir Publication.
- Mousavi Sabzevari, Seyyed Abd al-Ala (1413 AH), Mohazb al-Ahkam Fi Bayan al-Halal Va al-Haram, 27, Q 4, Qom:  Ayatullah Sabzevari Library.
- International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights.
- Mir Mohammad Sadeghi, Hossein (2003), Money laundering and its relation to other crimes, lecture series and articles of the International Conference on Money Laundering, Shiraz: vefagh Publication.
- Mir Mohammad Sadeqi, Hussein (2007), Criminal Law, Crimes Against Security and Public Relation, Q9, Tehran: Mizan Publication.
- Najafi (Saheb Javaher), Mohammad Hassan (Bi Ta), Javaher al-Kalam fi Sharh sharaye al-Islam. C 41, C 7, Beirut: Dar Ehya al-Toras al-Arabi.
- Vakil, Amir Sa'ed, Askari, Pourya (1394), Constitutional Law in the Current Legal Order, C7, Tehran: Majd Publication.
- Hamdami Khotbesara, Abolfazl (2008), Financial Corruption, Causes, Context and Strategies to Combat it, Q2, Tehran: Strategic Studies Institute.