A Study on the Rule of Law on Transplantation of Body Organ Amputated by Way of Enforcement of Hadd for Theft

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Associate Professor of Semnan University

2 M.A in jurisprudence and the basics of Islamic law

Abstract

Regardless of philosophy of enforcement of theft Hadd that is provided under Islam to protect public interest and prevent the act of theft and discourage the wrongdoers, the question rises if the amputated organ may be transplanted to the wrongdoer. Jurist are divided on whether such act is allowed, and if Jurisprudence only requires mere amputation of limb of the thief and whether transplantation of such organ is consistent with the nature of punishment or Hadd involves continuation of the effect of punishment and its functioning as the gazing-stock. This is a very challenging question. However, it is seen from study of law and Jurisprudence that since theft Hadd is a God’s right and such right is satisfied after enforcement of theft Hadd, therefore transplantation of amputated organ after enforcement of theft Hadd is permissible.

Keywords

References

* The Holy Quran
-Seyyed Razi, Mohammad ibn Hossein (1993), Collector of Proceedings of Amir al-Momenin , Nahj al-Balaghah, Qom: Nahj al-Balagh Publications.
-Amiri Shah Mehri, Ahmad (1998), Tafsir Javame al-Jame, Vol. 6, Mashhad: The Islamic Studies Foundation of Astan Quds Razavi.
-Amin, Seyyedeh Nusrat (1982), Makhzan al-Erfan Dar Tafsir Quran, Vol. 15, Tehran: Muslim Women Movement Publishing.
-Ansari, Masoud, Taheri, Mohammad Ali (2009), Daneshname hoqoq khosousy, Vol. 3,Tehran: Mehrab fekr.
-Eravani, Baqir (2005), Doroos Tamhidiyah fi al-qavaed al-Feqhiyah, Vol.2, Qom: Moasese al-Feqh.
-Eizadhi, Seyyed Sajjad (2013),Breaking and transplantation of members from Imam Khomeini's point of view, Tehran: Orouj Publications.
 -Bahrami Ahmadi, Hamid (2009), Qavaed Fiqh, Vol.2, Tehran: Emam Sadegh A Publications.
-Tabriz, Javad ibn Ali (1996), Assas al - hoodood va al - tazirat,Qom: the office of the author.
-Al-Jaziri, Abdurrahman; Gharavi; Seyyed Muhammad; Yasser Mazah (1998); Al-Fiqh al-al-al-Mazaheb al-Arbae va mazhab Ahl al-Bayt (AS), Vol. 5, Beirut: Dar al-Thaqalin.
-Jafary, Ya'qob (1997), Jafsir Kovsar, Vol. 6, Qom: Hejrat Publications.
-A Group of Researchers (2010), Farhang Name Osul Fiqh, Qom: Islamic Propaganda Department of Qom Seminary.
-Javadi Amoli, Abdullah (1996), Philosophy of Human Rights, Qom: Asra.
-Javaheri, Hassan (2012),Al-Fiqh al-Moaser, Vol. 2, Beirut: Al-Aref Publications.
-Habibzadeh, Mohammad Ja'far (2010), Theft in Iran's Criminal Law, Tehran: Dadgostar.
-Horr-e Amoli, Mohammad ibn Hassan (1988), Vasael Ashiah, Vol. 30, Qom: Moasese Al al-Beyt Publications.
-Hosseini, Mohammad Baha al-Din (2011),Tafsir forqan, Vol.3, Sanandaj: Aras.
-Hosseini Shah Abdul Azimi, Hossein ibn Ahmad (1984), Tafsir Esna Ashary, Vol.14, Tehran: Miqat.
-Khodadady, Gholam Hossein (2006), Doctors and Patients: According to the indult of Apostle Ayatullah Hajj Sheikh Mohammad Fazel Movahedi Lankarani (Democrats), Qom: Legal Center of The Imams.
-Khansari, Seyyed Ahmad (1984), Jame al-Mardak fi Sharhe Mokhtasar al-Nafe, Vol. 7, Qom: Moasese Esmaeiliyan.
-Ragheb Isfahani, Hossein ibn Muhammad (2008), Mofradat Alfaz Quran, Hossein Khodaparast translation, Qom: Navid Islam publishing office.
-Rovhani, Seyyed Mohammad Sadegh (1999), Responses to the Rev. Ayatullah al-Rovhani on the Judiciary and the Lawyers of International Lawyers, Tehran: Hadis Del Publications.
-Zeraat, Abbas (2007), General criminal law, Vol. 2, Tehran: Qoqnoos Publications.
-Zeraat, Abbas (2009), The rules of civil jurisprudence, Tehran: Jangal Publications.
-Sabzevari, Seyyed Abdul Al - Aala (1992), Mohazab-Al-Ahkam, Vol. 30, Qom: Al-Manar Publications.
-Fazel Meghdad, Meghdad ibn Abdullah (2004), Cans al-Erfan Fi Fiqh al-Quran, Vol. 2, Qom: Mortazavi.
-Shariati, Rohullah (2008), Rules of Political Fiqh, Qom: Islamic Research Center of Science and Culture.
-Shahidi, Mahdi (2001), Contracts and commitments s, Vol. 4, Tehran: Majd Publications.
-Sayadi, Mehdi (2015), Collection of handwritten rules, Tehran: Mehdi Sayadi Publications.
-Taheri, Habibollah (2006), Jurisprudence and legal proceedings, jurisprudential and legal articles, Qom: Zaer Publications.
-Tabataba'i Boroujerdi, Agha-Hossein (2008), Jame Ahadith al-Shiea, Vol.31, Tehran: Farhang sabz.
-Tabataba'i Haeri, Seyyed Ali (1997), Riyaz al-Masa'il Fi tahqiq al- Ahkam beldalael, Vol. 16, Qom: Al-Alibeit institute (AS).
-Tabarsi, Fazl ibn Hassan (1981), Majma al-Bayan fi Tafsir al-Quran, Vol. 27, Tehran: Farahani Publications.
-Tabasy, Njameddin (?), Al-Sejn va Al-Nafy Fi Masader al-Tashiryal-Islami, Qom: The Bostan ketab.
-Tayyeb, Seyyed Abdul Hossein (1999),Atyab al-Bayan fi Tafsir al-Quran, Vol. 14, Q 2, Tehran: Eslam Publications.
-Abbas-zadeh Ahari, Hasan (1999), Offenses and Punishment in Islam (Criminal and Judicial Rules in Islam), Tabriz: Aydin.
-Amid Zanjani, Abbas Ali (2007), qavaed Fiqh, Vol. 4., Tehran: Samt.
-Ava, Mohammad Salim (2006), Daramadi bar osol nezam keifari islam, Translated by Hamid Rostaei Sadrabadi, Qom: Salsabeil.
-Fazel lankarani, Mohammad (1999),Tafsir al-shariah Fi sharh tahrir al-vasileh- al-qaza va al-shahadat, Qom: The Islamic Law Center of the Imams (AS).
-Fattahy Masoom, Seyyed Hossein (1992), Collection of Articles from Seminar on Islames views in medicine, Mashhad: Permanent Secretariat of Seminar in cooperation with the Institute for the Development of Knowledge and Research of Iran.
-Feyzi Taleb, Aziz (1998),Informing the Jurisprudential Views of the Judiciary, Qom: Information Research Center.
-Feiz Kashani, Mohammad Mohsen (1985),Al-Vafy, Vol. 26, Esfehan: Ketabkhane Amir al-Momenin AS Publications.
-Feiz Kashani, Mohammad-Mohsen (1997), Al-Nahhbeh Fih al-Humaymah and Al-Aqkam al-Sharaieh, Tehran: Publishing Center of the Islamic Propaganda Organization.
-Feiz Kashani, Mohammad Mohsen (2004), Al-Shafi Fi al-Qa'id and Al-Ahlyak and Al-Aqakam, Vol. 2, Tehran: Dar-e Nahr al-Luh al-Mahfouz.
-Feiz Kashani, Mohammad Mohsen (?), Mu'tatiyah al-Shara'e, Vol.3, Qom: Grand Ayatollah Marahi Library of Najafi (RA).
-Qaraaty, Mohsen (2004), Tafsir Noo, Vol. 10, Q 11, Tehran: Cultural Center Lessons from the Qur'an.
-Ghorban Hosseini, Ali Asghar (1992), Criminology and theft of crime; The method of research in the field of crime and social frauds - Practical investigation into the crime of theft, Tehran: Jahad daneshgahy.
-Qutbuddin Ravandi, Saeid (1988), Al-Kharraj and al-Jaraee,Qom: Moasese Imam Mahdi (AS).
-koliny, Mohammed ibn Ya'qub (2008), Al-Kafi, Vol. 15, Qom: Dar al-Hadith.
-Golpayegani, Seyyed Mohammad Reza (1991), Al-Dor Al-Manzoud, Fi Ahkam al-Hoodood, Vol. 3, Qom: Dar al-Quran al-Kareem.
- (1995), Ljūna al-Hadith Fi mahad baqer al-olum (AS), ?: Dar al-Ma'arof.
-Majlesi MB, Mohammad Baqir ibn Mohammad Taghi (1989), Bahar al-Anvar,Vol. 33, Beirut: Moasese al-Tabe va al-Nashr.
-Al-Mohasani, Mohammad Asif (1996),Al-Fiqh va Masael al-Tebbiya, Qom: Mohammad Asef al-Mohasani.
-Mohaqeq Damad, Seyyed Mostafa (2000), The Rules of Islamic Jurisprudence: Penal Section, Tehran: Center for the Publishing of Islamic Sciences.
-Mohammadi Gilani, Mohammad (2000), Criminal Law in Islam, Tehran: Sayeh.
-Mokhtari Mazandarani, Mohammad Hossein (1998), Farhang Estelahat Osoli, Tehran: Iranian Pencil Forum.
-Modarresi, Seyyed Mohammad Taghi (1998), Tafsir Hedayat, translated by Abdolmohammad Ayati, Vol. 18, Mashhad: Islamic Studies Foundation of Astan Quds Razavi.
-Madani Tabrizi, Seyyed Youssef (2001), Al-Masael al-Mostahdetha, ?: Office of the Supreme Leader.
-Marashi Najafi, Seyyed Shahabuddin (1994), Al-Qesas Alla Zoue al-Quran and al-Sunnah, Vol. 3, Qom: The publication of the Grand Ayatollah Al-Marami Ayatollah Al-Najafi (RA) library.
-Jurisprudence Research Center of the Judiciary (2002), Jurisprudence and Judiciary Committee on Criminal Matters, Vol.2, Qom: Jurisprudence Research Center - Jurisprudence Deputy Directorate for Education and Research.
-Masoudifar, Reza (2006), The scope and manner of its implementation in Iran's judiciary, Tehran: Nasl novin.
-Mostafavi, Hasan (2001), Tafsir Roshan, Vol. 16, Tehran: Center for the Publishing of Books.
-Motahari, Morteza (2007), Collected Works by Shahid Motahari Master, Vol. 29, Tehran: Sadra.
-Maalouf, Lewis (1998), Tarjomeh al-monjed, Translation by Mostafa Rahimi Ardestani, Vol. 2, Tehran: Saba.
-Makarem Shirazi, Nasser (1995), Tafsir Nemone, Vol. 27, Tehran: Dar al-Kotob al-Eslamiya.
-Makarem Shirazi, Nasser (2006),New Esteftaat, Vol. 4, Qom: School of Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib.
-Makarem Shirazi, Nasser (2006), Al-Fatavy Al-Jadidah, Vol. 3, Qom: School of Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib.
-Montazeri, Hossein Ali (1988), Derasaat Fi velayah al-Faqih va Fiqh al-Dawlah Al-Islamiyah, Vol. 4, Qom: Tafakkor.
-Musavi Ardabilly, Seyyed Abdul-Kareem (2006), Fiqh al-Hodood and Al-Tazirat, Vol. 4, Qom: Al-Nashr al-Nahr al-Mufid Rahmullah.
-Mousavi Hamedani, Seyyed Mohammad Bagher (1995), Interpretation of Almizan Translation, Vol. 20, Q 5, Qom: Moassesse al-Nashr al-Eslami Publications.
-Momen Qomi, Mohammad (1994), Kalemat Sadeidah Fi masael jadidah, Qom: Moassesse al-Nashr al-Eslami Publications.
-Momen Qomi, Mohammad (2004), Alwelayah Al-Elahah al- Islamiyah al-Houkumah al-Islamiyah, Vol. 2, Qom: Moassesse al-Nashr al-Eslami Publications.
-Mir Mohammad Sadeghi, Hossein (1991), Crimes against Property and Property,Tehran: Jahad daneshgahy.
-Mirza Khosravani, Ali Reza (1970), Tafsir Khosravi's, Vol. 8, Tehran: Islamiyah.
-Najafi Khomeini, Mohammad Jawad (1977), Tafsir Asan, Vol. 18, Tehran: Eslamiye Publications.
-Najafi (Sahib Javaher), Mohammad Hassan (1983), Javaher ul-Kalam fi Sharehe Shraye ul-Islam, Vol. 43, Beirut: Dar Ehya al-Toras al-Arabi
-Nazari Tavakoli, Saeed (2002), Organ transplantation in Islamic jurisprudence, Mashhad: Bonyad Pajouheshha e-Islami Publications.
Journal of Studies in Islamic Law & Jurisprudence
Volume 11, Issue 20
June 2019
Pages 351-372

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics